Glossary

TLS-RPT (SMTP TLS Reporting)

TLS-RPT is the observability layer for transport security. A receiver publishes 'send me TLS reports'; senders that support TLS-RPT mail back a JSON summary of successful and failed STARTTLS negotiations. Without TLS-RPT, a sustained downgrade attack against your inbound mail can run silently.

One-line definition

A standard (RFC 8460) that lets a receiving domain publish a reporting address; senders email back daily aggregate reports on TLS-negotiation outcomes, surfacing downgrade attempts and certificate problems.

What TLS-RPT publishes

A single TXT record at _smtp._tls.<domain> naming a reporting address. Senders that support TLS-RPT pull this record and POST or email daily aggregate reports.

_smtp._tls.yourdomain.com.   TXT   "v=TLSRPTv1; rua=mailto:tls-rpt@yourdomain.com"

What is in a report

A JSON document keyed by sending policy-domain, with per-MTA counts of successful TLS sessions, failed STARTTLS upgrades, certificate hostname mismatches, expired certificates, and the specific failure reasons.

The report covers a 24-hour window. Most receivers send one per day per (policy, sender) pair, so a quiet domain may see only a handful of reports per day; a high-traffic domain sees hundreds.

Why publish TLS-RPT

Visibility into who is failing to deliver to you encrypted, and why. Without reports, an attacker stripping STARTTLS for a single ISP can go unnoticed for weeks.

Pair with MTA-STS: MTA-STS tells senders to require TLS; TLS-RPT tells you when they could not. Together they give you both enforcement and observability.

How SNDR uses TLS-RPT

When SNDR sends to a domain that publishes TLS-RPT, we send back daily aggregate reports — successful counts, failure reasons (cert hostname mismatches, expired certs, missing STARTTLS offers). Receivers see the same kind of data we surface on our own dashboard for outbound mail.

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